高考英語寫作的訓(xùn)練方法

高考英語寫作的訓(xùn)練方法

高考英語寫作的訓(xùn)練方法  

一, 高考英語書面表達(dá)基本策略:

　　仔細(xì)審題。 如果是看圖寫文，看懂每幅圖之間的聯(lián)系至關(guān)重要。

　　寫要點(diǎn)。據(jù)每幅圖寫出一至兩句話。因?yàn)槊磕旮呖紩姹磉_(dá)一般控制在10句話，120個(gè)詞左右。

　　連句成文。每句話寫好后，用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞連接起來，使之上下連貫，呼應(yīng)，通順，簡(jiǎn)潔。

　　查錯(cuò)漏。完稿后，檢查一下有沒有時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，拼寫錯(cuò)誤并逐一加以改正。
　　
　　卷面整潔。卷面整潔干凈甚至比準(zhǔn)確，通順，簡(jiǎn)介更重要。因?yàn)檎麧嵏蓛艚o閱卷人精神上帶來愉悅，相對(duì)而言，分?jǐn)?shù)自然要給得高一些。

　　為了幫助同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)寫作練習(xí)的時(shí)候時(shí)刻牢記這些寫作的基本要領(lǐng)，特編順口溜如下：細(xì)審題，巧構(gòu)思，列要點(diǎn)，防遺漏。寫日記，同漢語；書信，通知格式要牢記。看清圖表細(xì)梳理，寫人記事按順序；完稿后查遺漏，整潔干凈莫忘記。

二, 高考英語書面表達(dá)高分策略：從遣詞，造句，謀篇三個(gè)方面分析。

　　遣詞的原則：使用高等級(jí)詞匯及短語, 如果僅僅記住幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單基礎(chǔ)的詞匯,而且一味的重復(fù)低水平的英語知識(shí)點(diǎn),還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有達(dá)到大學(xué)的入學(xué)要求。這就要求考生在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練和考試當(dāng)中，有意識(shí)的強(qiáng)化“復(fù)雜，高級(jí)”這兩個(gè)概念，使自己的作文能力區(qū)別于普通學(xué)生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一個(gè)比別人高的位置上，充分顯示自己的實(shí)力。

平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)過程中注意總結(jié)各種各樣的詞匯。以描述人物的詞匯為例：
表達(dá)人物愛憎感情：
like, love, be interested in, be fond of…
hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in…
happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened…

介紹人物的影響及人們對(duì)人的評(píng)價(jià)：
He became famous for his new theory.
The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
We regard Li Fei as our model.
Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
People spoke highly of him and all respected him.

常見描述人物性格，外貌和身體狀況等的詞語
good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /absent-minded /tall /short /beautiful /pretty /lovely /naughty/ be blind /lame in /be in good or poor condition/ healthy/ fine/ well /strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.

　　造句的原則：句式多變，語法活用，句子是表達(dá)一個(gè)完整意思的最小當(dāng)位，所以造句能力在英文寫作中是非常重要的。好的英語句子能夠生動(dòng)，形象，準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)內(nèi)容。所以要想寫出漂亮的書面表達(dá)，必須從寫好句子開始。

英語基本句型及造句:

主語+謂語+狀語(介詞,名詞短語或從句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.

主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well.
Glass breaks easily.

主語+謂語+介詞+賓語
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.

主語+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.

主語+謂語+直接賓語
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.

主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.

主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ) (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didn’t mean to hurt you.
He invited me to teach at a well-known university.

主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ) (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Don’t forget to have him come.

主語+謂語+現(xiàn)在分詞
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?

主語+謂語+過去分詞
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.

主語+謂語+賓語(動(dòng)名詞)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We can’t help laughing at the news.

主語+謂語+賓語(不定式)
I can’t afford to buy such a large house.
Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.
He feared to speak in her presence.
主語+謂語+賓語(名詞/代詞)+介詞+賓語
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.

練習(xí)寫好句子的方法一：合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.
Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.

A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide.
A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.

寫好句子的方法二：改寫句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介詞短語做伴隨狀語)
1) The book cost me 300 yuan.
Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.

2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句子)
The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.

練習(xí)方法三：一句多譯
這本書花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英語，李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.

一到家，我就把所見到的一切都記了下來。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.

昨天下午他才來。
He came here yesterday afternoon.
He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.
Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.
It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.
It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.

謀篇的原則：

滿分作文都有個(gè)共性就是有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。文章的連貫性和緊湊感是很重要的。句子作為最小的表達(dá)意思的語言當(dāng)位如果只是被隨意的整合，是無法達(dá)到有效表達(dá)的目的。

常見的句子之間的連接手段有：
使用代詞指代上一句中的名詞
重復(fù)使用上一句中的詞
使用連接詞
使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)
高考大綱中常用的連接詞:

表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first…whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others,
表因果關(guān)系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,
表?xiàng)l件關(guān)系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,
表時(shí)間關(guān)系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,
表特定的順序關(guān)系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last,
表換一種方式表達(dá): in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,
表進(jìn)行舉例說明: for instance, for example, like, such as,
表陳述事實(shí): in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表總結(jié): on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary.